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109th Division (Imperial Japanese Army)
The Imperial Japanese Army's (IJA) 109th Infantry Division or was a division of 21,000 soldiers. Commanded by Tadamichi Kuribayashi, it was the main Japanese garrison on the volcanic islands of Iwo Jima and Chichi Jima which was attacked by American forces from February to March 1945.
==Formation==
Formed on 30 June 1944, the 109th Division of the 31st Army, under Commanding Lieutenant General Hideyoshi Obata, consisted of two reinforced brigades under the command of Lt. General Tadamichi Kuribayashi who was a descendant of Samurais.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.worldwar2database.com/gallery3/index.php/wwii1161 )〕
The structure of the 109th was different than most divisions in the IJA. After 1936, the normal make up of a division was the ''triangular'' organization, with three infantry regiments to a division. The 109th (along with the 91st Infantry Division) were considered ''square'' divisions because they had two infantry brigades (5000 men each) with two infantry regiments each.〔(IJA organization )- Retrieved 2014-04-17〕 During the buildup prior to the attack of Iwo-jima General Kuribayashi divided the 109th and each was built up to maximum strengths. The 109th, as the Ogasawara island Detachment was the Ogasawara (Bonin Islands) District Group, also called the Ogasawara Army Group, with an approximate strength of 47,000 troops.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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